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NEW! Publication on Perinatal Transmission of Lyme Disease: Advancing Scientific and Clinical Understanding of Lyme disease in pregnancy

4/9/2026

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April 9, 2026 - 
Perinatal transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi: advancing scientific and clinical understanding of Lyme disease in pregnancy is published!

Press Release by Bay Area Lyme Foundation: https://www.bayarealyme.org/blog/new-peer-reviewed-publication-highlights-evidence-of-mother-to-child-transmission-of-lyme-disease-bacteria-during-pregnancy-and-calls-for-urgent-research/

What a privilege for LymeHope to be part of this incredible multidisciplinary team collectively addressing the issue of perinatal transmission of Lyme disease - a topic of public health importance and research significance.

We trust the recommendations in this paper will serve as stepping stones - uniting renewed interest and action within medicine and healthcare, academia/research institutions and government. We truly believe that we are in an exciting era of transformative research and policy which is anchored in collaborative partnerships and meaningful patient engagement. 

Recommendations identified in paper:
  • Animal studies (murine, canine, primate) to clarify the pathobiology of LD in pregnancy and congenitally infected offspring. Evaluation of (a) potential vertical transmission of Bb in both acute and late-stage disease; (b) possible transmission through breast milk; (c) efficacy of pregnancy-safe antimicrobial therapy for maternal disease and prevention of fetal transmission; and (d) maternal and neonatal immune responses to infection, and possible immune-mediated mechanisms involved in both early and late presentations of disease acquired perinatally.
  • Longitudinal prospective studies of pregnant women with LD and long-term follow-up of liveborn infants. This necessitates the development of standardized case definitions for gestational, fetal, and congenital LD, including clinical and laboratory criteria (119). Cases of fetal death or stillbirth require comprehensive evaluation for potential teratogenic and other adverse effects of Bb, including utilization of modern methods for direct detection of Borrelia spirochetes in placental and fetal tissues. Biorepository specimen collection, inclusive of maternal and infant blood, CSF, and other specimens (placenta, amniotic fluid, breast milk, urine, saliva and tissue) can be utilized for current or future studies (Figure 3).
  • Development and validation of existing and new diagnostic testing approaches that enable accurate identification of gestational and congenital LD cases. These approaches may include evaluation of paired maternal-infant samples using next-generation serological assays, cellular immune testing and/or urine antigen tests. Newer direct testing methods such as droplet digital PCR, DNA hybridization microarrays and phage testing could be useful as well.
  • Development of clinical guidelines for evaluation and management of pregnant women with LD and their at-risk infants. Comprehensive guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of pregnant women with LD and newborn infants are urgently needed, similar to those developed for other vector-borne infections such as Zika virus and West Nile virus. These clinical guidelines would be based on a comprehensive synthesis of existing evidence and updated as new evidence emerges.​

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Evidence for Transplacental Transmission of Lyme Disease in Humans and Animals

6/5/2024

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_evidence_for_transplacental_transmission_of_borrelia_burgdorferi_in_humans_and_animals.pdf
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Banbury Meeting on Perinatal Transmission of Lyme Disease - June 26-29, 2022

3/4/2023

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Perinatal transmission of Lyme disease was the focus of a June 2022 scientific think-tank at the Banbury Centre at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory which was funded by the Cohen Foundation.  Meeting organizers included  Dr. Monica Embers, Dr. Charlotte Mao and Dr. Liz Darling and Sue Faber of LymeHope.  
Invited experts included clinicians, researchers, experts in government, patient advocates and representation from funding agencies.  An agenda of this meeting has been posted by the Banbury Centre.
As a result of this meeting we have identified clear action items and are in the process of writing a report which will be published.  More about the Banbury meeting can be found by watching the panel presentation for the Cohen Foundation 2022 panel The Value of Partnerships:  A Multi-disciplinary Approach to Addressing Perinatal Transmission of Lyme disease.
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Perinatal Transmission of Lyme disease:  A Path Forward - Downloadable Resource

3/4/2023

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On March 4, 2023, Sue Faber (President and Co-Founder of LymeHope) presented a talk titled:  Perinatal Transmission of Lyme disease: A Path Forward, for the LivLyme Foundation Summit.  A downloadable resource with an introductory letter, as well as comprehensive document laying out all the evidence, citations and more, to accompany this presentation can be found here:
introduction_-_shining_a_light_on_perinatal_transmission_of_lyme_disease._march_4_2023.docx
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march_4_2023_-_perinatal_transmission_of_lyme_disease_-_a_path_forward._.pdf
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We have recently updated our website to provide more information on Lyme disease and Pregnancy which can be found in our 'what is Lyme' section.  The LymeLight Foundation has produced several videos interviewing families impacted by congenital Lyme disease.  Hearing the stories of those directly impacted is powerful and important.
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​Pioneering Research on the impact of Lyme Disease and Pregnancy published!

11/3/2022

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A new study titled:  Lyme borreliosis in pregnancy and associations with parent and offspring health outcomes:  An international cross-sectional survey has been published in Frontiers in Medicine, and is open access to all.  Link to the full paper here

Research Team: The primary investigator leading this research is Dr. Elizabeth Darling from McMaster Midwifery Research Centre, McMaster University, along with her team Dr. Katherine Leavey, Dr. Elizabeth Cates, Rachel MacKenzie and Olivia Marquez.  Other collaborators include Dr. Charlotte Mao, Dr. Melanie Wills, Dr. Isabelle Boucoiran, Dr. Vett Lloyd, Dr. Abeer Omar and Sue Faber.  This research was funded by the DH Falle Family Foundation.

Research Objectives: The objective of the survey was to investigate the health outcomes of people with Lyme disease in pregnancy and their offspring, and to compare these to people without Lyme disease and pregnancy. 
 
Study Population: Researchers analyzed data from a seven-section survey which was administered in both English and French and available for international participation between September 2020 to November 2021.  Participants were eligible to complete the survey if they were at least 18 years old and had been pregnant at least once (regardless of the outcome of the pregnancy).  Participants could have been diagnosed with acute or chronic/late stage Lyme disease, suspected they may have had or have Lyme disease, or never been diagnosed with or suspected Lyme disease.  

Conclusion: 'Overall, this pioneering survey represents significant progress toward understanding the effects of LD on pregnancy and child health. A large prospective study of pregnant people with LD, combining consistent diagnostic testing, exhaustive assessment of fetal/newborn samples, and long-term offspring follow-up, is warranted.'

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Lyme and Pregnancy Webinar, Supplemental Information.  April 29, 2021

4/29/2021

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State-of-the art science is required to investigate the research gaps and complexities of maternal-fetal transmission of Lyme and will require a collaborative, disciplinary, multi-stakeholder ‘relay-team’ approach, which values an integrative model of bringing together patients with lived experience, front-line clinicians, clinical researchers, Government officials and scientists to collectively identify, propose and carry out further investigation.
Lyme Disease & Pregnancy: State of the Science & Opportunities for Research - April 29, 2021
Agenda:
 Start – 10:00
Lyme Disease and Pregnancy:  Why Research is Urgently Needed.
Isabel Rose, Chair, Mothers Against Lyme and Board Member, Project Lyme
 
10:15-33:00
Epidemiology and Pathobiology of Lyme Disease: Implications for Research. 
Holly Ahern MS, MT(ASCP): Associate Professor of Microbiology, SUNY Adirondack.
 
34:30- 1:04
Maternal-Fetal Transmission of Lyme Disease: Research Gaps and Opportuities. 
Sue Faber, RN, BScN:  Co-Founder and President, LymeHope.
 
1:05:15-1:11
NIH Research Opportunities for Maternal and Pediatric Infectious Diseases.
Nahida Chaktoura, MD, Maternal and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Program Officer, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD).
 
1:11:40-1:20
Advancing Research for Tickborne Diseases: Guidance and Resources for Investigators.
Maliha Ilias, PhD, Lyme Disease Program Officer, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID).
 
1:21-end – Q&A
slides_to_accompany_april_29_2021_webinar_maternal_fetal_transmission_of_lyme_-_research_gaps_and_next_steps.pdf
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april_29_21_webinar_lyme_and_pregnancy_supplementary_compilation.pdf
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Lyme and Pregnancy Research launched by McMaster University Midwifery Research Centre

9/28/2020

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A ground-breaking research study on Lyme and Pregnancy has launched, led by Canadian Principal Investigator Dr. Elizabeth Darling and team from the McMaster University Midwifery Research Centre. 

LymeHope is honoured to partner and collaborate in this important endeavour, facilitating the 'birth' of a new era of research focused on assessing perinatal (mother-to-baby) transmission of Lyme disease - the first North American research into this alternate mode of transmission in 25 years!

Research is open to US, Canada and Globally.


Detailed information and how to participate here: https://www.lymehope.ca/news-and-updates/ground-breaking-lyme-and-pregnancy-research-launches

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